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tramadol hydrochloride
(Æ®¶ó¸¶µ¹¿°»ê¿°)
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Therapeutic Classification |
- Other Analgesics & Antipyretics
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Mechanism of Action |
- ÁßÃßÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ´Â ÇÕ¼º ÁøÅëÁ¦·Î¼ opiates¿Í´Â ÈÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¿¬°ü¼ºÀÌ ¾ø´Ù.
- ¥ì-opioid ¼ö¿ëü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾àÇÑ È¿ÇöÀÛ¿ë°ú norepinephrine°ú serotoninÀÇ reuptake¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ÀÛ¿ëÀÌ º¹ÇÕÀûÀ¸·Î ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÁøÅëÈ¿°ú¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÁ¤µÈ´Ù.
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Clinical Uses |
- Áߵ¡Áß°£ Á¤µµÀÇ ÁßÁõÀÇ ÅëÁõ ¿ÏÈ
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Pharmacokinetics |
- ÁøÅëÈ¿°ú ¹ßÇö½Ã°£ : 1½Ã°£ À̳»
- ÃÖ´ëÈ¿°ú ¹ßÇö½Ã°£ : 2-3 ½Ã°£
- ¹Ý°¨±â ¼ÓÈ¿¼º Á¤Á¦: 6.3½Ã°£ +/- 1.4½Ã°£
- Èí¼ö : °æ±¸ : ½Å¼ÓÇÏ°í °ÅÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÏ°Ô Èí¼öµÊ
- ºÐÆ÷ : ºÐÆ÷¿ëÀû : 2.6-2.9 L/kg
- ´ë»ç : °£¿¡¼ ¸¹Àº ¾çÀÌ ´ë»çµÇ¸ç, È°¼ºÇü ´ë»çü (M1)´Â CYP 2D6¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ý¼ºµÊ
- Ç÷ÁßÃÖ°í³óµµ µµ´Þ½Ã°£ : ¾à 2½Ã°£
- ¼Ò½Ç : ´ë»çü(60%)¿Í ¹Ìº¯Èü(30%)·Î ½Å¹è¼³µÊ
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Usual Dosage |
- ¼ºÀÎ : °æ±¸ : 50-100 mg, ÇÊ¿ä½Ã 4-6 ½Ã°£ °£°ÝÀ¸·Î Åõ¿© (ÃÖ´ë¿ë·® : 400 mg/day)
- ½ÅÀå¾Ö½Ã ¿ë·® Á¶Àý :
- CLcr < 30 mL/min : 12½Ã°£ °£°ÝÀ¸·Î Åõ¿© (ÃÖ´ë¿ë·® : 200 mg/day)
- Ç÷¾×Åõ¼®¿¡ ÀÇÇØ °ÅÀÇ Á¦°ÅµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. (7% ÀÌÇÏ)
- °£Àå¾Ö½Ã ¿ë·® Á¶Àý : °£°æÈ È¯ÀÚ : 50 mg, 12½Ã°£ °£°ÝÀ¸·Î Åõ¿©
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Adverse Reactions |
- ÀÚÁÖ ÀϾ´Â ºÎÀÛ¿ë
- À§Àå°ü°è : ¿À½É, ±¸Åä, º¯ºñ
- ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è : ¾îÁö·¯¿ò, µÎÅë, ±â¸é
- °¡²û ÀϾ´Â ºÎÀÛ¿ë
- À§Àå°ü°è : ¼³»ç, ¼ÒȺҷ®, ±¸°¥
- ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è : ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è ÈïºÐ, ¹«·ÂÁõ, ÃÊÁ¶
- ±âŸ : ¹ßÇÑ
- µå¹°°Ô ÀϾ´Â ºÎÀÛ¿ë
- ½ÉÇ÷°ü°è : ½É°èÇ×Áø
- È£Èí±â°è : È£Èí ¾ïÁ¦
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Overdosage / Toxicology |
- Áßµ¶ Áõ»ó : ÁßÃ߽Űæ°è ¾ïÁ¦, È£Èí±â°è ¾ïÁ¦, ¹ßÀÛ, À§Àå°ü°è °æ·Ã, º¯ºñ
- Ä¡·á : Naloxone 2 mg, IV (¼Ò¾Æ¿¡¼´Â 0.01 mg/kg)¸¦ ÇÊ¿ä½Ã ÃÑ 18 mg±îÁö ¹Ýº¹ Åõ¿©ÇÑ´Ù.
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Contraindications |
- º» ¾à¹°¿¡ °ú¹Î¼º
- MAO(monoamine oxidase) ÀúÇØÁ¦¿ÍÀÇ º´¿ë Åõ¿©
- ÁßÃßÀۿ뼺 ÁøÅëÁ¦, opioids, ÇâÁ¤½Å¼º ¾à¹°°úÀÇ º´¿ë Åõ¿©
- ±Þ¼º ¾ËÄÚ¿Ã Áßµ¶Áõ
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Precautions |
- ³ëÀÎ, ¸¸¼º È£Èí±âÁúȯ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼´Â ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³¯ À§Ç輺ÀÌ ´õ Å©¹Ç·Î ÁÖÀÇÇÑ´Ù.
- ÀÓ»êºÎ, ¼öÀ¯ºÎ¿¡ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀº ÃßõµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù.
- »ïȯ°è Ç׿ì¿ïÁ¦ ¹× »ïȯ°è ÈÇÕ¹° (¿¹, cyclobenzaprine), SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), ½Å°æÀÌ¿ÏÁ¦,
- ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ÁÖÀÇÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù. :
- °£ Áúȯ
- Á¡¾×¼öÁ¾, °©»ó¼±±â´ÉÀúÇÏÁõ, ºÎ½Å±â´ÉÀúÇÏÁõ : °¨·®ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
- µÎ°³³»¾Ð »ó½Â, µÎ°³ ¿Ü»ó
- °æ·ÃÀÇ º´·ÂÀÌ Àִ ȯÀÚ
- Morphine°è ÁøÅëÁ¦¿¡ °ú¹Î¼º ȯÀÚ
- ¸¶¾à¼ºÁ¦Á¦¿¡ Ž´Ð¼ºÀ̳ª ÀÇÁ¸¼ºÀÇ º´·ÂÀÌ Àִ ȯÀÚ
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Interactions |
- È¿°ú °¨¼Ò : carbamazepine : tramadolÀÇ ¹Ý°¨±â¸¦ 33-50% °¨¼Ò½ÃŲ´Ù.
- µ¶¼º Áõ°¡ :
- MAO(monoamine oxidase) ÀúÇØÁ¦ : °æ·Ã
- Quinidine : CYP2D6 P-450 µ¿À§È¿¼Ò¸¦ ÀúÇØÇÏ¿© tramadolÀÇ Ç÷Á߳󵵸¦ »ó½Â½ÃŲ´Ù.
- Cimetidine : tramadolÀÇ ¹Ý°¨±â¸¦ 20-25% Áõ°¡½ÃŲ´Ù.
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monitoring parameters |
- ÅëÁõ ¿ÏÈ Á¤µµ, È£Èí¼ö
- ³»¼ºÀÇ Â¡Á¶, ³²¿ë °¡´É¼º
- °í¿ë·® Åõ¿©½Ã : Ç÷¾Ð, ½É¹Úµ¿¼ö
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Reference Range |
- À¯È¿ Ç÷Áß³óµµ : 100-300 ng/mL (Ç÷Áß³óµµ ¸ð´ÏÅÍ°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Ù.)
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Patient Education |
- ¾à¹°À» º¹¿ëÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È¿¡´Â ¿îÀüÀ̳ª À§ÇèÇÑ ±â°è Á¶ÀÛÀ» ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì ¸Å¿ì ÁÖÀÇÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
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